Which of the following is an example of a non-standard unit of measurement?

A non-standard unit of measurement refers to a unit that is not universally accepted or officially recognized, often based on arbitrary or everyday items. In this context, a pencil is indeed an example of a non-standard unit of measurement because it does not provide a consistent or universally understood measurement. For instance, using pencils as a measurement tool can lead to variations in length depending on the specific pencil or context used.

In contrast, a meter, cup, and kilogram are all standard units of measurement defined by international systems. The meter is a unit of length in the metric system, the cup is a commonly accepted unit for measuring volume typically used in cooking, and the kilogram is a standard unit of mass also in the metric system. Each of these units is recognized and used globally, allowing for consistent communication and understanding in mathematical and scientific contexts. This makes the pencil the clear choice for a non-standard unit.