What is the atomic number of carbon?

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element. Carbon has an atomic number of 6, which means that every carbon atom contains 6 protons. This unique number of protons is what defines carbon and distinguishes it from other elements on the periodic table.

In addition to protons, a neutral carbon atom also has 6 electrons, balancing the positive charge of the protons with a corresponding negative charge. The atomic number is essential for understanding an element's chemical properties and behavior, including its placement in the periodic table, where carbon is found in group 14, indicating its role as a foundational element for organic compounds. Other options listed do not represent the correct number of protons for carbon, as 8 corresponds to oxygen, 12 to magnesium, and 14 to silicon.